Implementasi Latihan Fisik Preventif dalam Mengurangi Cedera Lutut dan Pergelangan Tangan pada Atlet Bolavoli

Sahabuddin Sahabuddin, Muhammad Ishak

Abstract


Cedera pada lutut dan pergelangan tangan merupakan dua masalah umum yang sering dialami oleh atlet bola voli, terutama akibat aktivitas lompatan, pendaratan, dan gerakan ekstremitas atas berulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas implementasi program latihan fisik preventif dalam mengurangi frekuensi dan risiko cedera lutut dan pergelangan tangan pada atlet bola voli BKMF FIKK UNM. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pretest-posttest control group. Sampel terdiri atas 30 atlet aktif yang telah mengikuti latihan selama minimal 3 bulan. Intervensi diberikan selama 8 minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali per minggu, mencakup latihan stabilisasi inti, penguatan otot lutut dan pergelangan tangan, propriosepsi, dan teknik pendaratan. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner cedera, tes handgrip strength, single-leg balance, dan observasi teknik pendaratan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan frekuensi cedera lutut dari 60% menjadi 30%, dan pergelangan tangan dari 43% menjadi 20%. Kekuatan pergelangan tangan meningkat dari 28,7 kg menjadi 32,5 kg, dan keseimbangan tungkai meningkat dari 21,3 detik menjadi 26,4 detik. Uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan hasil signifikan (p < 0.05), dan nilai effect size (Cohen’s d) > 0.8 mengindikasikan pengaruh besar. Kesimpulannya, program latihan fisik preventif terbukti efektif secara statistik dan praktis dalam menurunkan cedera dan meningkatkan performa fisik. Intervensi ini direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan secara berkelanjutan di lingkungan pelatihan olahraga perguruan tinggi.

Keywords


Latihan Fisik Preventif; Cedera Lutut; Cedera Pergelangan Tangan; Atlet Bolavoli; Pencegahan Cedera.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.38114/josepha.v6i2.462

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